Flat feet, sometimes referred to as fallen arches, occur when the arch of the foot is lower than usual or collapses when standing or walking. Some people are born with flat feet, while others develop the condition gradually over time.
Flat feet do not always cause symptoms. However, in some cases, reduced arch support can lead to discomfort, fatigue or pain in the feet, ankles, knees or lower limbs, particularly during walking or prolonged standing.
Flat feet can develop for a variety of reasons. In children, arches may not fully develop until later in childhood. In adults, flat feet are often linked to age-related changes, reduced muscle strength, tendon strain or changes in foot structure over time.
Other contributing factors may include previous foot or ankle injury, arthritis, prolonged standing, excess load on the feet or reduced support from footwear. Changes in walking patterns or strength higher up the leg can also influence foot posture and arch support.
When flat feet cause symptoms, people may notice aching or tiredness in the feet, ankles or legs, particularly after walking or standing for longer periods. Some people experience discomfort along the arch, heel or ankle.
Over time, altered foot mechanics may place additional strain on other joints, potentially contributing to knee, hip or lower back discomfort and reduced confidence with movement.
Management of flat feet focuses on supporting foot function, reducing strain and improving comfort during daily activities. Many people benefit from conservative care, particularly when symptoms are addressed early.
Podiatry care is commonly used to assess foot posture, walking patterns and contributing factors. Treatment may include footwear advice, exercises to strengthen the feet and lower limbs, and, where appropriate, insoles for flat feet or custom orthotics to improve support and comfort.
Treatment recommendations are tailored to individual symptoms, activity levels and overall health.
You should consider a professional assessment if flat feet are associated with pain, fatigue or difficulty walking comfortably. Symptoms that worsen over time or interfere with daily activities may benefit from further evaluation.
Early assessment can help identify contributing factors and guide appropriate management to reduce ongoing strain.
Limerick Clinic